DOES SIMPLE VACUUM BOTTLE EXPERIMENT IMPLY THAT ENTIRE ATMOSPHERE SHOULD HAVE BEEN SUCKED INTO SPACE LONG AGO ACCORDING TO CONVENTIONAL PHYSICS MODEL?
PROBLEM STATEMENT AND RESPONSE by T. Mark Hightower 9/17/2017
SUMMARY OF THIS ARGUMENT USED IN FAVOR OF FLAT EARTH THEORY
First pull some significant level of vacuum in a rigid bottle. Place the bottom of the bottle into a body of water. Create a hole in the bottom of the bottle. A significant amount of water will be sucked up into the bottle above the level of the body of water. Since this vacuum sucked up water, a liquid, it would be even easier to suck up air (a gas) which is what makes up the atmosphere according to spherical earth theory. Since the atmosphere does not get sucked up into space, the spherical earth theory fails this simple thought experiment.
T MARK HIGHTOWER’S RESPONSE
This argument appears to make sense in a qualitative sense, but it is far off the mark in a quantitative sense, and does not bring to bear upon the problem enough conventional physics theory to allow any meaningful conclusion to be reached. Since it is assuming conventional physics in order to show that it gives a result contrary to common observation, I will show that a complete and correct application of conventional physics to this problem will actually give a result in keeping with the observation that pressure gets lower the higher you go in the atmosphere. I am going to describe a more rigorous thought experiment that will illustrate what we would really expect to happen based upon conventional physics theory.
Suppose you had a rigid bottle 500 miles tall and you could evacuate it to a perfect vacuum and then stick its bottom in a body of water and introduce an opening in the bottom so the vacuum would start sucking water up into the bottle. What would happen? The water would get sucked up into the bottle until it reached a level of about 34 feet (atmospheric pressure is equal to roughly 34 feet of water) above the level of the water that it is sitting it. The water at the level in the bottle would start to vaporize and begin filling the bottle from that point upwards with water vapor, that is, water in the gas phase. The reason this vaporization takes place is that the vapor pressure of water at room temperature is about 20 mm Hg, so it vaporizes into the lower pressure of the vacuum in the bottle. Standard atmospheric pressure is 760 mm Hg just for comparison. Eventually the entire bottle will be filled with water vapor above the 34 foot level where the liquid water had risen to. The water vapor in the bottle will not all be at the same pressure. It will be highest at the liquid vapor interface, and decrease to its lowest value at the very top of the bottle. Calculations could easily be done to determine what this pressure would be at the top, but it is not necessary to go to that level of detail to make the point of this thought experiment. It would certainly be a very very low pressure, much like the very very low pressures (i.e. high vacuum) of space.
So this shows that the simple experiment of sucking water up into a vacuum bottle does not imply that the entire atmosphere would be sucked up or out into space according to the conventional physics model, of which the spherical earth model is a part.
Now realize that what I have just illustrated is not a final answer. Nothing ever is. Things can always be looked into in more detail. I would pose this question. Is the atmosphere losing any of its gases to space with time? The answer may be that it is. But the rate may be very slow. But this would certainly be a question worth looking into further. I have not done so yet, but I will. Perhaps this is something all Earth Model researchers should pursue further.
END OF PROBLEM STATEMENT AND RESPONSE by T. Mark Hightower 9/17/2017
I am a Christian Universalist, All will ultimately be saved through Jesus Christ (1 Cor 15:22), a retired NASA engineer, a student of conspiracy theories, and started blogging in 2017 initially due to concern about the emergence of the flat earth movement, within which many Biblical literalists claim the earth is actually flat and that this truth has been hidden by Satan and science and NASA in the greatest of all conspiracies to keep people from the truth of God. I have ended up blogging on a variety of topics since then. In May 2020 I had the privilege and honor of being a reviewer of the English version of the book “The Ground Zero Model” by physicists Heinz Pommer and Colleagues. On the occasion of writing my review of the book, I updated my bio which is given below.
T. Mark Hightower has both B.S. & M.S. degrees in chemical engineering from San Jose State University. He initially worked in the chemical industry and then worked for NASA for 25 years as a federal government employee, where he took an oath to support and defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and domestic. He retired from NASA in 2015.
His work at NASA included space life support systems for future long duration missions, hazardous materials management, arc jet testing of heat shield materials for spacecraft entry into planetary atmospheres, hyper velocity free flight aerodynamic testing of spacecraft and aircraft models in enclosed terrestrial ballistic range, facility water management including drinking water, storm water, industrial waste water, water conservation and reclamation, pollution prevention, above ground storage tanks, and climate change risk management. While at NASA he also served in the Ames Federal Employees Union as secretary, deputy chief steward, and vice president for safety.
He became a born again student of conspiracy theories in January 2004 after stumbling upon Peter Meyer's Serendipity web site and learning that controlled demolition was a more likely explanation for the destruction of the Twin Towers than the official government story. Based on further research and conversations with fellow employees with extensive explosives expertise, it did not take long for him to see that the evidence pointed very strongly to 9/11 having been a neocon false flag operation designed to falsely blame Muslims for something they did not do in order to ignite the “war on terror” against them for the benefit of Israel. Ever since then he has been working hard with many others to obtain true justice in the exposure apprehension conviction and punishment of the many real perpetrators who have so far eluded justice. He has said, “The blood of many thousands if not millions in the world who have lost their lives and suffered horribly because of their traitorous schemes cries out for them to be brought to justice and severely punished.”
In 2010 he became concerned when consulting with some retired military veterans with explosives experience that the evidence for nanothermite as a potential destructive agent for the twin towers was being overemphasized with exaggerated claims of its destructive potential, and in particular making unfounded claims that nanothermite could be a high explosive. This was leading many to believe that there was no need to look any further than nanothermite to explain the entirety of the wtc destructions.
Based on his research in conjunction with others, by 2011 after searching the technical literature he had found that the highest detonation velocity obtained for an aluminum iron oxide nanothermite was 895 m/s, nowhere near that of a typical conventional high explosive like TNT with a detonation velocity of 6900 m/s. Shortly thereafter, he and some others reported these results in various ways on the internet and in print. His modest claim of benefit of this research is to have simply helped reign in the exaggerated claims that were being made for nanothermite, so that other more credible means of explosive destruction might not be foolishly overlooked.
He applauds Jeff Prager’s tireless work in continuing to research and present evidence for the most credible hypotheses of the means of destruction used to take out the wtc towers, culminating in the publication of the English version of the book, "The Ground Zero Model," by Physicist Heinz Pommer and Colleagues, in June 2020.
Mr. Hightower is a member of Scholars for 911 Truth, a petition signer at Architects & Engineers for 911 Truth, and a member of Pilots for 911 Truth. He is a contributor to the book “America Nuked on 9/11” from Moon Rock Books edited by Jim Fetzer, and a contributor to the 2018 Memoranda for the President on 9/11 Truth organized by Robert David Steele. He is also a life member of both the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics and the American Institute of Chemical Engineers.
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T Mark Hightower - Truth Seeking Pluralist 